[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":71},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-house-105-1-civil-law-012":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectKicker":6,"subjectShort":7,"subjectMcqNote":8,"question":9,"related":25,"sameNumber":50,"hasEssay":24},"民法概要","civil-law","民法概要 · Civil Law","民法","105–106 年 40 題(每題 1.25 分)、107 年起 25 題(每題 2 分)",{"id":10,"webId":11,"year":12,"session":13,"subject":4,"number":14,"stem":15,"options":16,"answer":21,"answerNote":22,"lawYear":12,"explanation":23,"freq":13,"indexable":24},"house-105-1-民法概要-012","house-105-1-civil-law-012",105,1,12,"依現行民法規定，有關違反法定要式規定之法律行為效力，下列何者應為無效？",{"A":17,"B":18,"C":19,"D":20},"會員已交付首期會款，但未訂立會單","不動產買賣之債權契約，未經書面公證","不動產租賃契約期限約定 2 年，且未以書面簽訂","人事保證契約未以書面簽訂","D",null,"本題考點：法定要式行為被違反時的效力，以及《民法》第 73 條但書所稱「法律另有規定」如何運作。\n【正解理由】依《民法》第 756-1 條第一項，稱人事保證者，謂當事人約定，一方於他方之受僱人將來因職務上之行為而應對他方為損害賠償時，由其代負賠償責任之契約；同條第二項明定「前項契約，應以書面為之」。書面即該契約的法定方式，且該條未替違反者另設緩和效果，因而回到《民法》第 73 條本文「法律行為，不依法定方式者，無效」，未以書面簽訂的人事保證契約應為無效，故選 D。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 依《民法》第 709-3 條第三項，會員已交付首期會款者，雖未依前二項規定訂立會單，其合會契約視為已成立，屬《民法》第 73 條但書所稱法律另有規定，契約有效。\n(B) 依《民法》第 345 條第二項，當事人就標的物及其價金互相同意時，買賣契約即為成立，買賣之債權契約為諾成而不要式，未經公證仍生效；被要求書面的是《民法》第 758 條第二項的不動產物權行為。\n(C) 依《民法》第 422 條，不動產之租賃契約期限逾一年者，應以字據訂立之，未以字據訂立者視為不定期限之租賃，效果是期限約定不被承認，契約本身仍然存在。\n(D) 人事保證的書面要求沒有任何緩和規定，違反即依《民法》第 73 條本文歸於無效，為本題所問。\n【記憶點】要式被違反原則上無效，例外要看那一條有沒有自己寫好「視為……」的降落傘。",true,[26,30,34,38,42,46],{"webId":27,"stem":28,"number":29,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-011","有關契約之敘述，下列何者正確？",11,{"webId":31,"stem":32,"number":33,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-013","有關不當得利所應返還之客體，下列何者錯誤？",13,{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-010","甲於出國遊玩期間，適逢颱風來襲，甲家的大門因此破損，門戶洞開。鄰居乙擔心甲家遭遇盜賊，乃好心召來工匠為其修繕，支出 8 千元。試問乙得依下列何種法律關係向甲請求返還 8 千元？",10,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-014","甲欲向乙租屋 3 年，雙方僅用通訊軟體 Line 互相協商，乙已於對話中允諾，但後來丙出更高租金，於是乙改將該屋出租給丙並交付之，後來丙得乙之同意將該屋再出租給丁，某日丁因大意未關爐火將該屋燒毀，下列敘述何者正確？",14,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-009","甲告知乙，若乙願意出國比賽，不管有無得名次，即贈與乙 200 萬元。試問甲乙間之贈與契約的附款為何？",9,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":12,"session":13},"house-105-1-civil-law-015","依侵權行為請求損害賠償之說明，下列敘述何者正確？",15,[51,55,59,63,67],{"webId":52,"year":53,"stem":54,"number":14},"house-114-1-civil-law-012",114,"甲將房屋租給乙。下列何者正確？",{"webId":56,"year":57,"stem":58,"number":14},"house-113-1-civil-law-012",113,"甲於自有土地上建造房屋一棟，因積欠乙銀行巨款，土地及房屋遭乙向法院聲請查封拍賣，土地為丙所拍得，房屋為丁所拍得。下列敘述，何者正確？",{"webId":60,"year":61,"stem":62,"number":14},"house-112-1-civil-law-012",112,"有關遺失物拾得之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":64,"year":65,"stem":66,"number":14},"house-111-1-civil-law-012",111,"下列何者非法律明文規定屬於連帶債務之性質？",{"webId":68,"year":69,"stem":70,"number":14},"house-110-1-civil-law-012",110,"關於連帶債務的敘述，下列何者正確？",1786689128361]