[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":70},["ShallowReactive",2],{"q-house-111-1-civil-law-025":3},{"subject":4,"subjectSlug":5,"subjectKicker":6,"subjectShort":7,"subjectMcqNote":8,"question":9,"related":25,"sameNumber":50,"hasEssay":24},"民法概要","civil-law","民法概要 · Civil Law","民法","105–106 年 40 題(每題 1.25 分)、107 年起 25 題(每題 2 分)",{"id":10,"webId":11,"year":12,"session":13,"subject":4,"number":14,"stem":15,"options":16,"answer":21,"answerNote":22,"lawYear":12,"explanation":23,"freq":13,"indexable":24},"house-111-1-民法概要-025","house-111-1-civil-law-025",111,1,25,"下列何者屬於當然無效之法律行為？",{"A":17,"B":18,"C":19,"D":20},"單獨虛偽意思表示而該情形為相對人所明知者","詐欺之意思表示係由第三人所為，而相對人明知其事實或可得而知者","無權利人就權利標的物為處分後，取得其權利者","限制行為能力人用詐術使人信其為有行為能力人，所為之法律行為","A",null,"本題考點：法律行為效力的三分法——無效、得撤銷、效力未定，逐一為四個選項定位。\n【正解理由】依《民法》第 86 條，表意人無欲為其意思表示所拘束之意而為意思表示者（單獨虛偽意思表示），其意思表示原則上不因之無效，「但其情形為相對人所明知者，不在此限」；相對人明知時，該意思表示即為無效，且係自始、當然、確定不生效力，無待任何人撤銷或主張，故選 A。\n【逐項排除】\n(A) 正確。依《民法》第 86 條但書，單獨虛偽意思表示於相對人明知其情形時無效，屬當然無效之法律行為。\n(B) 依《民法》第 92 條第一項但書，詐欺係由第三人所為者，以相對人明知其事實或可得而知者為限，表意人「得撤銷」其意思表示；撤銷前行為仍屬有效，是得撤銷而非當然無效。\n(C) 依《民法》第 118 條第二項，無權利人就權利標的物為處分後，取得其權利者，「其處分自始有效」，與無效恰恰相反。\n(D) 依《民法》第 83 條，限制行為能力人用詐術使人信其為有行為能力人或已得法定代理人之允許者，其法律行為「為有效」。\n【記憶點】心中保留被看穿＝無效；第三人詐欺＝得撤銷；無權處分後取得權利＝自始有效；用詐術＝有效——四種效力各就各位。",true,[26,30,34,38,42,46],{"webId":27,"stem":28,"number":29,"year":12,"session":13},"house-111-1-civil-law-024","關於財團法人之敘述，下列何者正確？",24,{"webId":31,"stem":32,"number":13,"year":33,"session":13},"house-112-1-civil-law-001","有關權利能力之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",112,{"webId":35,"stem":36,"number":37,"year":12,"session":13},"house-111-1-civil-law-023","滿 17 歲且未受監護或輔助宣告之甲男，其所為之下列何種行為，依法須得法定代理人之同意始為有效？",23,{"webId":39,"stem":40,"number":41,"year":33,"session":13},"house-112-1-civil-law-002","有關權利客體之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",2,{"webId":43,"stem":44,"number":45,"year":12,"session":13},"house-111-1-civil-law-022","二人互負債務而其給付種類相同，並均屆清償期者，得以其債務與他方之債務互為下列何項主張，以消滅其債務？",22,{"webId":47,"stem":48,"number":49,"year":33,"session":13},"house-112-1-civil-law-003","有關限制行為能力之敘述，下列何者正確？",3,[51,55,59,62,66],{"webId":52,"year":53,"stem":54,"number":14},"house-114-1-civil-law-025",114,"甲夫乙妻，一起到夏威夷旅遊，租車亂跑，不幸墜入山谷。下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":56,"year":57,"stem":58,"number":14},"house-113-1-civil-law-025",113,"甲死亡後留有土地一筆，由其妻乙、兒子丙及女兒丁及戊繼承，因丙不想繼承該筆土地，故向法院以書面聲明拋棄繼承，並通知其他應繼承之人，戊知悉後，則向乙、丙、丁表明，其也要拋棄繼承，並拒絕繳納遺產稅及辦理繼承登記。下列敘述，何者正確？",{"webId":60,"year":33,"stem":61,"number":14},"house-112-1-civil-law-025","關於拋棄繼承之敘述，下列何者錯誤？",{"webId":63,"year":64,"stem":65,"number":14},"house-110-1-civil-law-025",110,"關於遺產分割的敘述，下列何者正確？",{"webId":67,"year":68,"stem":69,"number":14},"house-109-1-civil-law-025",109,"甲乙夫妻婚後育有一子丙，三人與甲寡居之母親丁同住。甲乙兩人因感情不睦，故協議離婚，惟某日前往辦理離婚登記途中，甲不幸發生事故身亡。甲生前曾預立有效遺囑一份，記載將來所有遺產均由獨子丙繼承。甲身後遺有現金 600 萬元。若繼承人主張特留分扣減權時，甲之遺產應如何分配？",1786689126953]